PXE 自动装机¶

通过 ISO 搭建软件源¶

# 挂载 ISO 到本地目录
mount rhel-server-7.9-x86_64-dvd.iso /opt/mirror/rhel79

# 配置 Nginx 能访问镜像源
root /opt/mirror/rhel79;
autoindex on

准备 Kickstart¶

# 配置 Nginx 能访问 ks.cfg
alias /opt/ks;

搭建 DHCP¶

# 安装 DHCP Server
sudo apt install isc-dhcp-server

## /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
log-facility local7;

subnet 192.168.88.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 range 192.168.88.100 192.168.88.200;
 next-server 192.168.88.66;
 filename "pxelinux/pxelinux.0";
}

搭建 TFTP¶

# 安装 tftp
sudo apt install tftpd-hpa

# 默认配置 /etc/default/tftpd-hpa
TFTP_USERNAME="tftp"
TFTP_DIRECTORY="/var/lib/tftpboot"
TFTP_ADDRESS=":69"
TFTP_OPTIONS="--secure"

# 准备 pxelinux.0
cp /opt/mirror/rhel79/Packages/syslinux-4.05-15.el7.x86_64.rpm .
rpm2cpio syslinux-4.05-15.el7.x86_64.rpm | cpio -dimv

mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux
cp usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/
cp usr/share/syslinux/vesamenu.c32 /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/

# RHEL
e28413b36fee074c30554f8c9e54ca2c  pxelinux.0
# Kylin V10
dc53ded43315e73f09234a2b88fce38c  pxelinux.0

# 准备内核文件
mkdkir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/images/rhel79/
cp /opt/mirror/rhel79/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/images/rhel79/

# 准备菜单文件
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg
cp /opt/mirror/rhel79/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux/pxelinux.cfg/default

# 修改菜单文件
default linux
...
label linux
  menu label ^Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.9
  menu default
  kernel images/rhel79/vmlinuz
  append initrd=images/rhel79/initrd.img ip=dhcp inst.ks=http://192.168.88.66/ks/ks.cfg quiet
...

# 目录结构
/var/lib/tftpboot/
└── pxelinux
    ├── images
    │   └── rhel79
    │       ├── initrd.img
    │       └── vmlinuz
    ├── pxelinux.0
    └── pxelinux.cfg
        └── default

其他¶

# 查看已分配的 IP
dhcp-lease-list

# 测试 DHCP Server
sudo nmap --script broadcast-dhcp-discover

# 测试 UDP 端口是否通
nmap 10.0.0.1 -sU -pU:69

参考文献¶

作者: aisuhua